p. lxxxviii II. Synoptical Table of the Bishops of the Chief Sees.

And of the principal Councils held, during the lifetime of Athanasius.

N.B.—The names of bishops in italics are open to doubt regarding their date.

An asterisk prefixed to a bishop’s name means that he was elected when the see was not de facto vacant (the case of Ursinus of Rome in 366 is not free from doubt).

† after the name of a synod indicates that although not formally Arian it was held under the influence of Eusebius of Nicomedia.

* denotes a synod more or less implicated in Arianism by its creeds (N.B. no creed at Arles or Milan, 353–355).

** denote a formally Arian synod.

‘Semi-Arian’ synods are printed in italics.

Emperor

Rome

Alexandria

Antioch

Constantinople

Synods

W.

E.

301. Peter

305. Galerius

305. Illiberis

306. Constantine

307. Licinius

309. Eusebius

308–313. Maximin

310. Melchiades

312. Achillas

313. Alexander

313. Rome

314. Silvester (d. 335)

314. Arles

314? Ancyra

315? Neo-Cæsarea

319. Philogonius.

Paulinus

320? Alexander

321. Alexandria

323. Constantine, sole Augustus

c. 324. Eustathius

324. Alexandria

325. Nicæa

328. Athanasius

330. ‘Paulinus?’

[330. ‘Constantinople’ made the new Rome]

330. Antioch†

Eulalius

332. Euphronius

333. Flacillus (or Placitus)

334. Cæsarea†

335. Tyre† and Jerusalem†

336. Mark

336. Paul (d. 350?)

336. CP.†

337. Constantine II. (d. 340). Constans (d. 350)

Constantius

337. Julius

338. *Pistus

337? *Eusebius (d. 341–2)

339. *Gregory

339&40. Antioch†

340. Rome

340. Gangra†

341. Antioch†*

342. Stephen

342. *Macedonius

Sardica

343. Philippopolis*

344. Leontius

344. Antioch*

345. Milan

347. Sirmium I*

p. lxxxix 350. Constantius, sole Augustus

351. Sirmium II*

352. Liberius

353. Arles*

355. Milan*

357. *Felix

357. *George

357. Eudoxius

357. Sirmium III**

358. Ancyra

359. *Anianus

359. Sirmium IV*

Ariminum* Seleucia*

360. *Eudoxius

360. CP**

361. Julian

361. Meletius

*Euzoius

362. *Paulinus (schism).

362. Alexandria

362. Laodicea??

363. Jovian

363. Antioch

364. Valentinian Valens

364. Lampsacus

366. Damasus (d. 384)

366–7. *Ursinus

367. *Lucius

367. Tyana

370. Demophilus [Evagrius]

373. Peter

375. Gratian (d. 383)

Valentinian II. (d. 392)

379. Theodosius